“Phishing”

It is a type of fraud in which a person receives a request to update personal data (ID, card numbers, passwords, among others), on behalf of an entity. This can be through:

• 
  SMS (short text message)

  You receive a message requesting your personal data.

• 
  Phone call

  You receive a phone call in which the caller impersonates a private or public entity to get you to provide your private data.

• 
  Web page or pop-up window

  It visually simulates and impersonates the image of an official entity, company, etc.; appearing to be the official ones.

“Pharming”

This type of fraud directly attacks the user's computer software or DNS (Domain Name System) thanks to maliciously introduced code that redirects a domain name to a different machine. If the user has been redirected, when entering the domain name, they will enter a fake website - which will look identical to the one they wanted to enter - allowing the scammer to obtain all their personal data.

“Key logger”

Also known as Keystroke Loggers, these are programs that work invisibly by connecting a device or installing software on the computer. They allow intercepting and recording all information the user types on the keyboard. Without needing to be present, the scammer can see all operations performed on your computer, capturing all your personal data and sending it to an email address previously configured by them. This tool is easily acquired and is available in both hardware (connecting a USB/PS2 device) and software.

“Vising” or fraud through telephones

In this type of fraud, the victim receives an email supposedly from their bank, offering a toll-free number to contact. A recording or operator asks for card details and PINs.

Another modality involves receiving a text message on a cell phone, notifying the client that their bank has charged a certain amount and providing a phone number to call. The victim calls to inquire about the situation and provides bank details requested by the recording or operator.

This way, necessary information is extracted to carry out scams through electronic purchases with credit cards, transfers, etc.

Deceptive Sales

Usually occurs on social networks, however, even people in our environment can lend themselves to this type of fraud. Deceptive selling consists of posing as a seller offering any product; when they capture a customer's attention, they request total or partial payment in advance. The customer – voluntarily – deposits into the seller's account, so the scammer does not require the victim's personal data. Having the money available, the seller disappears and never sends the item.